Representation of Mourning with Art and Politics in The Public Sphere
Introduction
Throughout art history, artists have transformed social traumas into a fundamental problem of art creation. Stating that "there is no such thing as art. There are only artists" (Gombrich,15) Gombrich emphasizes that artists convey objects, nature, life, and perceptions under the influence of social and physical conditions. Important public events, especially war-related and violent traumas, have been a theme of art from the earliest times to the present.

When artists reflect on their works, they communicate with elements other than those works and take social problems as their own. They can emphasize literature, history, politics, and other works that existed before them, and even individual experiences. They bring their works together with other works to create different impressions and experiences with different forms and concepts.

The distinction between the ruler and the ruled in the first civilized societies was objectified through artifacts. Mesopotamian, Ancient Greek, and Roman works are the best examples of this. Throughout history, social issues have also been used by city-states, kingdoms, and empires as the subject of art to keep power, glorify victories or intimidate the enemy.

The first thing that comes to mind concerning the relationship between art and politics is the way artists perceive power and politics. However, the relationship between art production as a mental action and politics facilitates the sense of reality due to the depths that it creates in social perception. Art, as the act of self-expression, has renewed and shaped itself continuously since the oldest known times of history.

According to Rancière's distinction between politics and the police, "art is the shaping of what is heard." Rancière defines the police as a distribution procedure involving the organization of powers and the distribution and legitimization of functions (Rancière,51). Politics record inequality and discloses the contradictions in the internal functioning of the police. It, however, does not content itself with this and wants to exist in a new way with new experiences. Political action tends to filter out and reshape what the police status shapes.

Art and politics are similar in terms of their restructuring functions. Rancière raises the following questions about contemporary art, which is claimed to be political: What to expect from photographic representations on the gallery walls of victims of ethnic cleansing attempts? A rebellion against their executioners and sympathy for the sufferers? Or anger against photographers who turn people's suffering into an aesthetic display? Or anger in the face of those who see nothing but humiliating victimization in those people(Gauny, 58)?

Art is the most effective and accurate form of speaking of the victim. It represents the victim without dignity or humiliation.

Police, Art, and Politics

While politics reshapes the possibility of being heard, which is unequally distributed by the police, art makes invisible and anonymous subjects that fall into contempt visible. Rancière also emphasizes that politics and art are what reshape what is heard. In a way, the objective of art is to make what is invisible or presented differently than it is visible against the police order that determines the limits of how we see, experience, or position ourselves. According to Ador-no, art is an adequate and autonomous space that allows for criticism and questioning within a capitalist society. It is the last resort to which people turn with their beliefs and aspirations (Jay, 25). According to Marxism, art is revolutionary and aims to destroy the existing order by offering an alternative order. In the face of power and capitalism, art is a means of collective resistance and solidarity that undertakes the mission of justice for all oppressed and ignored.

The rule of law and universal justice has been considered a means of protecting individual rights at the hands of the police or power. Kant states that "the problem of establishing a state, no matter how hard it may sound, is soluble even for a nation of devils" (Source). In a world of disasters where the most destructive wars are waged for peace and the most inhuman acts are perpetuated for humanity, people tend to make their voices heard not because they are political subjects but because they have inalienable rights and freedoms. Art is not an aesthetic activity that, in some cases, is of political importance. However, it is political because it is a system that devises people's senses and actions and puts them to new uses. Schopenhauer states that any beautiful painting carries the impression of the mood it portrays (Schopenhauer,12).